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| − | {{Infobox planet
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| − | <!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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| − | This infobox has been formatted in the same way as those for other Solar System
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| − | planets and bodies, so please do not change it without discussion on the talkpage.
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| − | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------->
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| − | | background = #f8f9fa
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| − | | name = Earth
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| − | | alt_names = [[Gaia]], [[wikt:Terra|Terra]], [[Terra (mythology)|Tellus]], the [[world]], the [[globe]]
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| − | | adjectives = Earthly, terrestrial, terran, tellurian
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| − | | symbol = [[File:Earth symbol.svg|18px|Astronomical symbol of Earth]]
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| − | | image = The Earth seen from Apollo 17.jpg
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| − | | image_alt = ''[[The Blue Marble]]'' photograph of Earth, taken by the [[Apollo 17]] mission. The Arabian peninsula, Africa and Madagascar lie in the upper half of the disc, whereas Antarctica is at the bottom.
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| − | | caption = ''[[The Blue Marble]]'', the most widely used photograph of Earth,<ref name=Petsko>{{cite journal |title=The blue marble |journal=[[Genome Biology]] |last=Petsko |first=Gregory A. |author-link=Gregory Petsko|volume=12 |issue=4 |page=112 |date=28 April 2011 |doi=10.1186/gb-2011-12-4-112 |pmc=3218853 |pmid=21554751}}</ref><ref name="NASAmarble">{{cite web |url=https://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/apollo/apollo17/html/as17-148-22727.html |title=Apollo Imagery – AS17-148-22727 |publisher=NASA |date=1 November 2012 |access-date=22 October 2020}}</ref> taken by the [[Apollo 17]] mission in 1972
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| − | | epoch = [[J2000.0|J2000]]<ref group="n" name="epoch" />
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| − | | aphelion = {{convert|152,100,000|km|mi|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x| <small>(|)</small>}}<ref group="n" name="apsis" />
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| − | | perihelion = {{convert|147,095,000|km|mi|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x| <small>(|)</small>}}<ref group="n" name="apsis" />
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| − | | time_periastron = 2021-Jan-02 13:59<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons.cgi?find_body=1&body_group=mb&sstr=399|title=Solar System Dynamics|work=NASA|first1=Ryan S.|last1=Park|last2=Chamberlin|first2=Alan B.}}</ref>
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| − | | semimajor = {{convert|149,598,023|km|mi|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x| <small>(|)</small>}}<ref name="VSOP87" />
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| − | | eccentricity = {{val|0.0167086}}<ref name="VSOP87" />
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| − | | period = {{convert|365.256363004|d|ks|comma=gaps|abbr=on|lk=out|disp=x|<ref name="IERS" /><br /><small>(|)</small>}}
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| − | | avg_speed = {{convert|29.78|km/s|km/h mph|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x|<ref name="earth_fact_sheet" /><br /><small>(|)</small>}}
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| − | | mean_anomaly = {{val|358.617|u=°}}
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| − | | inclination = {{ublist|class=nowrap |{{val|7.155|u=°}} to the [[Sun]]'s [[equator]]; |{{val|1.57869|u=°}}<ref name="Allen294" /> to [[invariable plane]]; |{{val|0.00005|u=°}} to J2000 [[ecliptic]]}}
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| − | | asc_node = {{val|-11.26064|u=°}}<ref name="earth_fact_sheet" /> to J2000 ecliptic
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| − | | arg_peri = {{val|114.20783|u=°}}<ref name="earth_fact_sheet" />
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| − | | satellites =
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| − | {{unbulleted list
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| − | | 1 natural satellite: the [[Moon]]
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| − | | 5 [[quasi-satellite]]s
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| − | | >3 300 operational [[artificial satellite]]s<ref name="ucs" />
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| − | | >18 000 tracked [[space debris]]<ref group="n" name="space_debris" />
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| − | }}
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| − | | allsatellites = yes
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| − | | mean_radius = {{convert|6371.0|km|mi|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x| <small>(|)</small>}}<ref name="hbcp2000" />
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| − | | equatorial_radius = {{convert|6378.137|km|mi|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x| <small>(|)</small>}}<ref name=usno /><ref name="WGS-84" />
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| − | | polar_radius = {{convert|6356.752|km|mi|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x| <small>(|)</small>}}<ref name="cazenave_ahrens1995" />
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| − | | flattening = 1/{{val|298.257222101}} ([[ETRS89]])<ref name="IERS2004" />
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| − | | circumference =
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| − | {{unbulleted list |class=nowrap
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| − | | {{convert|40075.017|km|mi|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x| <small>[[equator]]ial (|)</small>}}<ref name="WGS-84">[[World Geodetic System]] (''WGS-84''). [http://earth-info.nga.mil/GandG/wgs84/ Available online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200311023739/https://earth-info.nga.mil/GandG/wgs84/ |date=11 March 2020 }} from [[National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]].</ref>
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| − | | {{convert|40007.86|km|mi|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x| <small>[[meridional]] (|)</small>}}<ref name="WGS-84-2" /><ref group="n" name="circ">Earth's [[circumference]] is almost exactly 40,000 km because the meter was calibrated on this measurement—more specifically, 1/10-millionth of the distance between the poles and the equator.</ref>
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| − | }}
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| − | | surface_area =
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| − | {{unbulleted list |class=nowrap
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| − | | {{convert|510067420|km2|mi2|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x| <small>(|)</small>}}<ref name="Pidwirny 2006_8" /><ref group="n" name="surfacecover" />
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| − | | {{convert|148940000|km2|mi2|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x| land <small>(|)</small>}}
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| − | | {{convert|361132000|km2|mi2|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x| water <small>(|)</small>}}
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| − | }}
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| − | | volume = [[Volume of the Earth|{{val|1.08321|e=12|u=km3}}]] <small>({{val|2.59876|e=11|u=cu mi}})</small><ref name="earth_fact_sheet" />
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| − | | mass = {{val|5.97237|e=24|u=kg}} <small>({{val|1.31668|e=25|u=lb}})</small><ref name="Luzum2011" /> <br /> <small>({{val|3.0|e=-6|ul=solar mass}})</small>
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| − | | density = {{convert|5.514|g/cm3|lb/cuin|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x| <small>(|)</small>}}<ref name="earth_fact_sheet" />
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| − | | surface_grav = {{convert|9.80665|m/s2|ft/s2|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x| <small>([[Gravity of Earth|{{val|1|u=''g''}}]]; |)</small>}}<ref name="NIST2008" />
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| − | | moment_of_inertia_factor = 0.3307<ref name="Williams1994" />
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| − | | escape_velocity = {{convert|11.186|km/s|km/h mph|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x|<ref name="earth_fact_sheet" /> <small>(|)</small>}}
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| − | | sidereal_day = {{longitem|{{val|0.99726968|u=d}}<ref name="Allen296" /> <br /> <small>(23h 56m 4.100s)</small>}}
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| − | | rot_velocity = {{convert|1674.4|km/h|km/s km/h mph|order=out|comma=gaps|abbr=on|disp=x|<ref name="Cox2000" /> <br /> <small>(|)</small>}}
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| − | | axial_tilt = {{val|23.4392811|u=°}}<ref name="IERS" />
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| − | | albedo = {{ublist|class=nowrap |0.367 [[Geometric albedo|geometric]]<ref name="earth_fact_sheet" /> |0.306 [[Bond albedo|Bond]]<ref name="earth_fact_sheet" />}}
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| − | | atmosphere = yes
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| − | | temp_name1 = Celsius
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| − | | min_temp_1 = −89.2 °C<ref name=asu_lowest_temp />
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| − | | mean_temp_1 = 14 °C ''(1961–90)''<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jones |first1=P. D. |last2=Harpham |first2=C. |title=Estimation of the absolute surface air temperature of the Earth |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=2013 |volume=118 |issue=8 |pages=3213–3217 |doi=10.1002/jgrd.50359 |bibcode=2013JGRD..118.3213J |url=https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jgrd.50359 |language=en |issn=2169-8996|doi-access=free }}</ref>
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| − | | max_temp_1 = 56.7 °C<ref name=asu_highest_temp />
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| − | | temp_name2 = Fahrenheit
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| − | | min_temp_2 = −128.5 °F
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| − | | mean_temp_2 = 57.2 °F ''(1961–90)''
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| − | | max_temp_2 = 134.0 °F
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| − | | surface_pressure = {{val|101.325|ul=kPa}} (at [[Sea level|MSL]])
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| − | | atmosphere_composition =
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| − | {{unbulleted list |class=nowrap
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| − | | 78.08% [[nitrogen]] ({{chem2|N2}}; dry air)<ref name="earth_fact_sheet" />
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| − | | 20.95% [[oxygen]] ({{chem2|O2}})
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| − | | ~ 1% [[water vapor]] <small>([[climate]] variable)</small>
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| − | | 0.9340% [[argon]]
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| − | | 0.0413% [[carbon dioxide]]<ref name="NOAA">{{cite web |url=https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/gl_trend.html |title=Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide: Recent Global {{chem2|CO2}} Trend |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |website=[[Earth System Research Laboratory]] |date=19 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004010704/https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/gl_trend.html |archive-date=4 October 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>
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| − | | 0.00182% [[neon]]<ref name="earth_fact_sheet" />
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| − | | 0.00052% [[helium]]
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| − | | 0.00019% [[methane]]
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| − | | 0.00011% [[krypton]]
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| − | | 0.00006% [[hydrogen]]
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| − | }}
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| − | | note = no
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| − | }}
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